What is epithelial ingrowth? (Posted: jan 2005)

This is a post-operative complication where epithelial cells grow between the flap and the stroma during healing of the flap incision. This may appear any time in the first several months post-operatively.

What causes epithelial ingrowth and what surgery(-ies) is it associated with? (posted: jan 2005)

It is thought to be due to an abnormal or weakly adherent protective layer.

What is the progression and what are the potential results to the patient? (posted: jan 2005)

The effects depend on the location and size and whether it spreads. It may cause pain and discomfort. It may interfere with contact lens fitting. It may cause vision distortions, irregular astigmatism, glare, and loss of BCVA. In the worst cases, it can release enzymes that melt (necrotise) the flap, causing severe scarring and vision loss.

How is epithelial ingrowth diagnosed? (posted: jan 2005)

It is visible by slit-lamp examination.

How is epithelial ingrowth treated? (posted: jan 2005)

In some cases only monitoring is necessary. In some cases it can be controlled with eyedrops. If however it spreads, it may be necessary to lift the flap and scrape the cells. Some surgeons then place sutures to keep the flap down and prevent recurrence. In some cases it may become necessary to amputate part of the flap.

Where can I learn more about epithelial ingrowth? (posted: jan 2005)

Click here for the LaserMyEye Encyclopedia entry, which may have additional articles and links.