What are epithelial defects? (Posted: jan 2005)

Epithelial defects are injuries or abrasions to the epithelium (surface of the cornea) occurring during laser eye surgery.

What causes epithelial defects and which surgery(-ies) are they associated with? (posted: jan 2005)

Epithelial defects are associated with LASIK and occur while the microkeratome cuts the flap or while the flap is being manipulated. They are often associated with pre-existing conditions, thus it is very important for patients with those conditions to be properly screened and counseled about their increased risks, as LASIK is not appropriate for such patients though surface ablation may still be suitable.

Causes of epithelial defects include: 1) LASIK performed on patient with ABMD (loose epithelium), a condition which places them at high risk for epithelial defects; 2) LASIK performed on patients with a history of dry eye and recurrent corneal erosions; 3) toxicity from topical anesthesia; and 4) trauma from flap manipulation.

What is the progression and what are the potential results to the patient? (posted: jan 2005)

Significant pain and very slow healing are the main problems associated with epithelial defects.

Small defects generally heal relatively quickly, but larger defects may take much longer to heal.

How are epithelial defects diagnosed? (posted: jan 2005)

With the slit-lamp examination. Defects are typically apparent just after creation of the LASIK flap.

How are epithelial defects treated? (posted: jan 2005)

With copious lubrication (artificial tear supplements) and other dry eye treatments. In cases of large defects, a bandage contact lens may be necessary.

Where can I learn more about epithelial defects? (posted: jan 2005)

Click here for the Encyclopedia listing for epithelial defects, which may have additional information and links.